Animals Gecko

Leopard Gecko Facts [A Comprehensive Guide]

Leopard geckos are a species of reptile known for their vibrant colors and ability to shed their skin. These geckos can grow up to 10 inches in length and are primarily found in the deserts of asia.

They are nocturnal creatures and have a keen sense of smell, using their tongues to detect scents in their environment. Leopard geckos are popular pets due to their relatively easy care and docile nature, making them suitable for beginners in reptile keeping.

They require a specialized diet of live insects and a proper habitat with appropriate temperature and humidity levels. With proper care, leopard geckos can live up to 20 years in captivity. Overall, leopard geckos are fascinating creatures that make great companions for reptile enthusiasts.

Introduction To Leopard Geckos

Leopard geckos are fascinating reptiles known for their unique characteristics and popularity as pets. In this section, we will delve into what makes these geckos special and why they have become a sought-after choice for reptile enthusiasts. So, let’s jump right in!

What Are Leopard Geckos?

• Leopard geckos (eublepharis macularius) are small reptiles native to the arid regions of Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India.
• They are ground-dwelling and nocturnal creatures, which means they are most active during the night.
• Unlike most geckos, leopard geckos possess eyelids and do not have sticky toe pads, making them unable to climb smooth surfaces.
• These geckos have a distinctive appearance, characterized by their bumpy skin, stocky bodies, and long, fat-storing tail.

Unique Features Of Leopard Geckos

• Leopard geckos have the ability to shed their tails as a defense mechanism called autotomy. The detached tail continues to wiggle, acting as a distraction while the gecko escapes from potential predators.
• They boast stunning patterns and color variations, including shades of yellow, orange, white, and brown. These beautiful morphs make each individual gecko unique and highly desirable among collectors.
• Leopard geckos possess an exceptional sense of hearing and can detect airborne and ground vibrations, thanks to their well-developed eardrums and sensory organs located on their bellies.
• One of their most remarkable features is their ability to produce a unique chirping or “barking” sound by vibrating their vocal cords, often used during courtship or to establish territory.

Why Are They Popular As Pets?

• Leopard geckos have become increasingly popular as pets due to their docile nature and relative ease of care.
• They can be easily handled without fear of being bitten since they are not prone to aggression when properly socialized.
• Unlike some reptiles, leopard geckos do not require a complex lighting setup and can thrive with a simple heat source, making them suitable for beginners.
• Their relatively small size, typically reaching 7 to 10 inches in length, makes them more manageable and suitable for those with limited space.
• Leopard geckos have a long lifespan, often living between 10 to 20 years when provided with proper care, offering lasting companionship to their owners.

Habitat And Behavior

Natural Habitat Of Leopard Geckos

Here are some key points about their habitat:

• Leopard geckos are primarily ground-dwelling reptiles.
• They prefer areas with loose soil or sand to dig burrows and hide during the day.
• These geckos are well-adapted to a dry climate and can tolerate extreme temperatures.
• The rocky terrain provides ample hiding places and basking spots for them.
• Leopard geckos are known to camouflage with their surroundings to avoid predators.

Behavioral Characteristics Of Leopard Geckos

Leopard geckos have unique characteristics that make them fascinating pets. Here are some noteworthy points about their behavior:

• They are solitary creatures and do not live in colonies or groups.
• Leopard geckos are generally docile and tolerant of handling.
• These geckos are crepuscular, meaning they are most active during dawn and dusk.
• They are not avid climbers but prefer to stay on the ground or low branches.
• Leopard geckos have an exceptional ability to regenerate their tails if they lose them.

How They Communicate And Interact

Leopard geckos have their own ways of communication and interaction. Here are some interesting facts about their behavior:

• They use body language to communicate with each other and with potential mates.
• Tail waving is a common behavior among leopard geckos. It serves as a warning or a way to establish dominance.
• Leopard geckos can also make vocalization sounds, such as chirping or barking, though they are not as common.
• During courtship, male geckos perform a dance-like ritual to attract females.
• When threatened or scared, leopard geckos may exhibit defensive postures like puffing themselves up to appear larger.

Nocturnal Behavior And Hunting Habits

Leopard geckos are known for their nocturnal behavior and hunting habits. Here are some notable points about their activity at night:

• They have excellent night vision, thanks to their large eyes and vertically elliptical pupils.
• Leopard geckos are carnivorous and primarily feed on insects like crickets, mealworms, and dubia roaches.
• Their hunting techniques involve stalking and pouncing on their prey.
• These geckos possess a unique hunting strategy known as “sit and wait.” They ambush their prey by staying still until it comes within striking distance.
• Leopard geckos have a keen sense of smell that helps them locate their prey in the darkness.

Leopard Gecko Diet

Leopard geckos are fascinating creatures that require a specific diet to thrive and stay healthy. Understanding their nutritional needs, ideal feeding schedule, live food options, and the role of supplements and vitamins will help you provide the best care for your leopard gecko.

Let’s dive into the details of the leopard gecko diet.

Nutritional Requirements Of Leopard Geckos

Leopard geckos are primarily insectivores, meaning their diet consists mainly of insects. Here are the key points regarding the nutritional requirements of these geckos:

• A balanced diet for leopard geckos includes a variety of insects such as crickets, mealworms, waxworms, and silkworms. Avoid feeding them wild-caught insects to prevent potential parasites or diseases.
• Insects should be properly gut-loaded before feeding them to your gecko. Gut-loading refers to feeding the insects with nutritious foods, ensuring that those nutrients are then passed on to your gecko.
• Calcium is crucial for leopard geckos as it helps in the development and maintenance of their bones. Dusting the insects with a calcium supplement before feeding them to your gecko is essential.
• The ideal calcium-to-phosphorus ratio for leopard geckos is 2: 1. A diet lacking calcium or with an improper calcium-to-phosphorus ratio can lead to metabolic bone disease.

Ideal Diet And Feeding Schedule

Providing a balanced and varied diet is essential to meet the nutritional needs of your leopard gecko. Consider these points while planning their diet and feeding schedule:

• Hatchlings and young geckos should be fed daily, while adult geckos can be fed every other day.
• Offer a portion of appropriately sized insects that can be consumed within 15-20 minutes. Avoid leaving uneaten insects in the enclosure as they may bite or stress your gecko.
• Monitor your gecko’s weight and adjust the feeding schedule accordingly. Overweight or underweight geckos may require adjustments in their portion sizes or feeding frequency.
• It’s important to ensure that the insects you provide are of appropriate size for your gecko. The size should be neither too large nor too small to avoid choking or nutritional deficiencies.

Recommended Live Food Options

Leopard geckos show a preference for live food, as it mimics their natural hunting behavior. Here are some live food options that are suitable for leopard geckos:

• Crickets: These are a staple food source for leopard geckos. They offer good nutrition and are easily available in pet stores.
• Mealworms: These worm-like larvae can be used as part of a varied diet. However, be cautious as their hard exoskeleton can be difficult for geckos to digest.
• Waxworms: They can be given as an occasional treat due to their high-fat content. These should not be the primary food source as they can lead to obesity.
• Silkworms: These are highly nutritious and have a soft exoskeleton, making them easy for geckos to digest. However, they may be harder to find compared to other options.

Supplements And Vitamins For Leopard Geckos

Supplements and vitamins play a vital role in ensuring your leopard gecko’s overall health. Here are the key points to keep in mind:

• Calcium supplementation is crucial for leopard geckos. Dusting the insects with calcium powder is recommended before feeding them to your gecko.
• Vitamin d3 supplementation is necessary to help with calcium absorption. However, excessive vitamin d3 can be harmful, so avoid over-supplementing.
• Multivitamin supplements designed specifically for reptiles can provide essential vitamins and minerals that your gecko may require.
• Avoid using supplements containing phosphorus, as leopard geckos already obtain enough from their food.

Leopard Gecko Care And Maintenance

Leopard geckos are fascinating creatures that make great pets. As gecko owners, it is important to understand their specific care and maintenance needs to ensure their well-being and happiness. In this section, we will discuss the key aspects of leopard gecko care and maintenance, including temperature and humidity requirements, suitable housing and enclosure setup, lighting and heating essentials, tips for proper hygiene and cleanliness, as well as common health issues and how to handle them.

Temperature And Humidity Requirements

• Leopard geckos thrive in a temperature range of 88°f to 92°f during the day and around 70°f at night.
• Ensure a proper heat gradient in their enclosure by using a heat mat or ceramic heat emitter on one side and a cooler area on the other.
• Maintain a humidity level between 30% and 40% for leopard geckos. You can achieve this by misting their enclosure lightly with water.

Suitable Housing And Enclosure Setup

• Provide a spacious enclosure for your leopard gecko to explore. A 20-gallon tank is ideal for one gecko.
• Use a substrate that allows for easy burrowings, such as coconut fiber or reptile carpet.
• Include hiding spots using artificial caves, hollow logs, or commercial hides to give your gecko a sense of security.

Lighting And Heating Essentials

• Leopard geckos require a light source, but not heat. Use a low-wattage uva/uvb bulb for 10-12 hours a day to meet their lighting needs.
• Provide a heat source on one side of the enclosure to create a warm spot for basking. A heat mat or overhead heat lamp can be used.

Tips For Proper Hygiene And Cleanliness

• Clean the leopard gecko enclosure regularly to maintain a healthy environment. Remove any feces or uneaten food promptly.
• Spot-clean the enclosure weekly and perform a thorough cleaning every month. Use a reptile-safe disinfectant and rinse thoroughly to remove any residue.

Common Health Issues And How To Handle Them

• Leopard geckos are prone to health issues such as shedding problems, metabolic bone disease, and parasitic infections.
• If your gecko has difficulty shedding, provide a moist hide to aid in the process. Seek veterinary advice if shedding issues persist.
• To prevent metabolic bone disease, ensure proper calcium and vitamin d3 supplementation in their diet.
• Regularly check for signs of parasitic infections, such as weight loss or diarrhea, and consult a reptile veterinarian if necessary.

Breeding And Reproduction

Leopard geckos are fascinating creatures, known for their unique breeding and reproduction behaviors. If you’re considering breeding leopard geckos or simply interested in understanding more about their reproductive processes, this section is for you.

Mating Behavior And Courtship Rituals

Leopard geckos have fascinating mating behavior that involves elaborate courtship rituals. Here are some key points to understand:

• Male leopard geckos typically initiate the courtship process by approaching a receptive female.
• They perform a series of head-bobbing and tail-waving movements to attract the female’s attention.
• Once the female acknowledges the male’s courtship display, they engage in a dance-like pattern, with the male nudging the female gently.
• If the female is receptive, she will raise her tail and allow the male to mate.

Ideal Conditions For Breeding Leopard Geckos

Creating optimal conditions is crucial to successfully breed leopard geckos. Consider the following points:

• Provide a separate breeding enclosure with ample space for the male and female geckos.
• Maintain appropriate temperature and humidity levels within the enclosure, as these factors significantly affect breeding success.
• Increase the temperature slightly during the breeding season to stimulate reproductive behavior.
• Ensure the enclosure has various hiding spots for the female, as she may become aggressive towards the male after mating.

Incubation Period And Hatching Process

After successful mating, the female leopard gecko lays eggs that require careful incubation. Take note of the following details:

• The average incubation period for leopard gecko eggs is around 40 to 60 days.
• It is essential to provide the right temperature and humidity levels in the incubator to ensure proper development.
• Regularly monitor the eggs for any signs of mold or deformities, as these can hinder successful hatching.
• Once the eggs start to hatch, it’s crucial to provide a suitable environment for the baby geckos to thrive.

Care Of Baby Leopard Geckos

Caring for baby leopard geckos is a delicate process that requires attention to detail. Here are some guidelines to follow:

• Ensure a proper setup for the baby geckos, including a small enclosure with appropriate temperature and humidity levels.
• Provide tiny live food, such as pinhead crickets or fruit flies, as their primary diet.
• It’s crucial to minimize stress during handling and avoid introducing the babies to the larger adult geckos.
• Regularly monitor their growth and consult with a reptile veterinarian for any concerns or health issues.

Lifespan And Size

Leopard geckos are fascinating creatures known for their unique characteristics and behaviors. Understanding their lifespan and size is essential for providing proper care and ensuring they lead a long and healthy life.

In this section, we will explore the average size and growth of leopard geckos, factors that influence their lifespan, and how to promote their overall well-being.

Average Size And Growth Of Leopard Geckos

• Leopard geckos are small reptiles that typically measure between 6 to 9 inches in length when fully grown.
• Hatchlings are generally around 3 to 4 inches long and will gradually increase in size as they mature.
• Males tend to be smaller than females, with a more streamlined body structure.
• It’s important to note that the size of leopard geckos can vary depending on genetic factors and overall health.

Factors Influencing Their Lifespan

• Proper nutrition: Providing a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals is crucial for the overall health and longevity of leopard geckos.
• Habitat conditions: Creating an ideal environment with appropriate temperature and humidity levels is essential for their well-being. Extreme temperature fluctuations or insufficient humidity can negatively impact their lifespan.
• Genetics: Some leopard geckos may have inherited genes that predispose them to certain health conditions, which can affect their lifespan.
• Stress levels: High-stress levels due to improper handling, frequent disruptions, or living with aggressive tank mates can impact their overall health and lifespan.
• Medical care: Regular veterinary check-ups, proper hygiene, and prompt treatment of any health issues are essential for maximizing their lifespan.

How To Promote A Long And Healthy Life

• Provide a suitable habitat: Set up a spacious tank with a secure lid, appropriate substrate, hiding spots, and a temperature gradient to meet their specific needs.
• Feed a balanced diet: Offer a variety of live insects such as crickets, mealworms, and waxworms, as well as vitamin and mineral supplements. Avoid feeding them with sticky or hard-to-digest prey.
• Hydration: Provide a shallow dish with clean water at all times. Ensure that the water is changed regularly to prevent contamination.
• Temperature and lighting: Maintain a proper temperature range between 75-85°f (24-29°c) during the day and a slight drop at night. Additionally, ensure access to a proper uvb light source to aid in their calcium absorption.
• Handle with care: When handling leopard geckos, be gentle and avoid excessive stress. Support their bodies and avoid squeezing or dropping them.
• Regular cleaning: Clean the tank regularly to prevent the buildup of bacteria and waste. Use non-toxic cleaning agents and ensure all objects are thoroughly rinsed.
• Monitoring and observation: Keep a close eye on their behavior, appetite, and overall appearance. Any significant changes should be noted and addressed promptly.
• Veterinary care: Schedule regular check-ups with a reptile specialist veterinarian to detect any health issues early on and receive professional guidance on their specific requirements.

Handling And Taming

Techniques For Handling Leopard Geckos Safely

Leopard geckos are fascinating pets that can bring joy and excitement to your life. However, it’s important to handle them safely to ensure their well-being and prevent any potential harm. Here are some techniques for handling leopard geckos safely:

• Wash your hands: Before handling your gecko, always wash your hands thoroughly with mild soap and water. This helps eliminate any harmful bacteria or substances that might be present on your hands.
• Approach from the side: When picking up your gecko, approach it from the side rather than from above. This mimics how predators would approach them in the wild, making them feel more secure.
• Support their body: Gently scoop up your gecko by placing one hand under its belly and the other hand supporting its back. Avoid squeezing or applying unnecessary pressure.
• Avoid the tail: The tail of a leopard gecko is delicate and can easily break off, known as tail dropping. Be cautious and prevent any unnecessary stress on the tail.
• Keep it low and close to the ground: It’s best to handle your gecko close to the ground or low surfaces. In case it slips or jumps, the risk of injury will be minimized.
• Limit handling time: Leopard geckos are naturally shy and may become stressed if handled for too long. Keep handling sessions short and gradually increase the duration as they become more comfortable.

Bonding With Your Gecko

Building a strong bond with your leopard gecko is a rewarding experience that requires time and patience. Here are some tips for bonding with your gecko:

• Observe them: Spend time near your gecko’s enclosure, observing its behavior without trying to handle it. This helps them become familiar with your presence.
• Hand-feeding treats: Offer your gecko treats, such as mealworms or crickets, from your hand. This allows them to associate your presence with positive experiences and improves trust.
• Talk softly: Speak to your gecko in a gentle and soothing voice. This helps create a sense of comfort and security as they become accustomed to your voice.
• Avoid sudden movements: Sudden movements can startle your gecko and hinder the bonding process. Move slowly and deliberately to avoid any unnecessary stress.
• Be patient: Building trust and a strong bond takes time. Respect your gecko’s pace and avoid forcing interactions. Allow them to approach you when they feel comfortable.

Tips For Taming And Socializing Your Pet

Taming and socializing your leopard gecko is a gradual process that requires consistency and understanding. Here are some important tips to help you in this journey:

• Start young: It is generally easier to tame and socialize younger leopard geckos as they are more receptive to handling and interactions.
• Create a safe space: Set up a designated area where you can interact with your gecko comfortably. This helps establish a positive association with the environment and reduces stress.
• Hand walking: Encourage your gecko to explore its surroundings by allowing it to crawl on your hand. This helps them become familiar with different textures and surfaces.
• Offer a hiding spot: Provide your gecko with ample hiding spots in its enclosure where it can retreat if it feels overwhelmed. This creates a sense of security during the taming process.
• Be consistent: Maintain a regular routine for handling and interaction. Consistency helps your gecko feel more secure and confident in its environment.
• Respect their boundaries: Pay attention to your gecko’s body language and behavior. If it shows signs of discomfort or stress, it’s important to give it space and avoid pushing its limits.

Different Leopard Gecko Morphs

Understanding Leopard Gecko Morphs

Leopard geckos, native to the rocky and arid regions of Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India, are beloved pets for reptile enthusiasts. These fascinating creatures are not only captivating due to their unique appearance but also because of the wide variety of color and pattern variations they can display.

These variations are known as leopard gecko morphs. Understanding the different morphs is essential for any leopard gecko owner or enthusiast. Let’s explore the fascinating world of leopard gecko morphs together.

Popular Morphs And Their Characteristics

There are numerous leopard gecko morphs available, each with its distinct combination of colors, patterns, and physical characteristics. Here are some popular morphs:

Normal morph: The normal morph, also known as the wild-type morph, is the most commonly found variety. It exhibits the typical yellowish-brown background color with black spots and bands. This morph serves as the foundation for breeding and creating new morphs.

Mack snow: The Mack snow morph is known for its beautiful silver or white appearance. It displays reduced pigment and often has gray or pale markings. This morph can also exhibit bluish or lavender hues.

Tremper albino: The Tremper albino morph is one of the most sought-after morphs due to its striking appearance. These geckos lack dark pigmentation, resulting in an overall bright yellow or orange body with red or pink eyes.

Hypo: The hypo morph, short for hypomelanistic, displays a reduced amount of melanin pigment. This morph usually exhibits bright colors and fewer dark markings. It is highly desired for its vibrant appearance.

Enigma: The enigma morph is known for its unique pattern, characterized by bold markings and a marble-like appearance. While visually striking, it is important to note that enigma morphs may have neurological issues, and breeders should exercise caution.

Supergiant: The super giant morph is captivating due to its size. These geckos reach larger dimensions than typical leopard geckos, with some individuals growing up to 12 inches or more. They often have enhanced coloration and patterns as well.

How To Identify And Choose The Right Morph

Identifying and choosing the right leopard gecko morph involves careful consideration of personal preferences, budget, and the specific traits you find appealing. Here are some steps to help you in the process:

Research: Familiarize yourself with the different leopard gecko morphs by reading books, browsing online resources, and consulting reputable breeders.

Visit breeders or expos: Attend reptile expos or visit reputable leopard gecko breeders to see the morphs up close. Ask questions and observe the geckos to gain a better understanding of their appearance and temperament.

Consider your preferences: Determine which colors and patterns you find most aesthetically pleasing. Do you prefer vibrant or subtle hues? Intricate or simple patterns? Identifying your preferences will guide your choice.

Budget: Different morphs can vary significantly in price. Set a budget and explore morphs that fall within your price range. Keep in mind that some morphs, such as certain designer morphs, can be quite expensive.

Health and genetics: Ensure that the gecko you choose is healthy and bred responsibly. Ask the breeder about any known genetic issues associated with the morph and inquire about the gecko’s lineage.

Fun Facts And Trivia

Leopard geckos are fascinating creatures known for their unique features and behaviors. In this section, we will explore some interesting facts and trivia about these peculiar reptiles. Let’s dive in!

Interesting Facts About Leopard Geckos

• Leopard geckos are native to the arid regions of afghanistan, pakistan, iran, and india.
• Unlike most geckos, leopard geckos have movable eyelids, enabling them to blink and close their eyes.
• These geckos are known for their ability to regenerate lost or damaged tails. The new tail may not be as vibrant as the original, but it serves its purpose.
• Leopard geckos come in various colors and patterns, including albino, patternless, and high yellow.
• These nocturnal creatures communicate through a series of vocalizations, such as chirps and squeaks.
• Leopard geckos have remarkable eyesight, which allows them to track and catch prey with precision.
• These reptiles have a lifespan of up to 20 years if properly cared for.

Uncommon Behaviors And Adaptations

• Leopard geckos are masters of camouflage. Their spotted appearance helps them blend seamlessly with their surroundings.
• Unlike most geckos, leopard geckos possess small, claw-like structures at the tip of their toes. These claws aid in climbing and gripping various surfaces.
• These geckos have a unique way of shedding their skin. They consume their old skin, providing them with essential nutrients and reducing the risk of predators detecting their presence.
• Leopard geckos are primarily ground-dwelling creatures, but they are also adept climbers, using their specialized toe pads to navigate different terrains.
• These reptiles have a specialized organ called the jacobson’s organ, located in the roof of their mouth. This organ allows them to detect scent particles in the air, aiding in finding food and potential mates.

Myths And Misconceptions Debunked

Myth: Leopard geckos require high humidity levels. In reality, leopard geckos are native to arid regions and only need a humidity of around 30-40%.

Myth: Leopard geckos need uvb lighting. While uvb lighting can be beneficial, leopard geckos can survive without it as long as they receive proper calcium and vitamin d3 supplementation.

Myth: Leopard geckos are aggressive. Leopard geckos are generally docile and make great pets with gentle handling and care.

Myth: Leopard geckos carry salmonella. While it’s true that reptiles can carry salmonella, proper hygiene and handling practices greatly minimize the risk.

Myth: Leopard geckos eat only insects. While insects make up the bulk of their diet, leopard geckos can also consume small amounts of fruit, vegetables, and occasional pinky mice.

Frequently Asked Questions On Leopard Gecko Facts

How Big Do Leopard Geckos Get?

Leopard geckos typically grow to be around 8 to 10 inches long. However, some specimens may reach lengths of up to 12 inches. The size of a leopard gecko largely depends on its genetics, diet, and overall health. Ensuring the proper care and environment for your gecko can contribute to its growth potential.

What Do Leopard Geckos Eat?

Leopard geckos are insectivores, meaning they primarily eat insects. Their diet mainly consists of crickets, mealworms, and dubia roaches. It’s important to feed them live prey as they require movement and effort to hunt. It’s also advisable to provide a calcium supplement to ensure they receive proper nutrition.

How Long Do Leopard Geckos Live?

Leopard geckos have an average lifespan of 10 to 20 years when kept in captivity. With proper care, some geckos have been known to live even longer. Providing a suitable habitat, a balanced diet, and regular veterinary check-ups can help ensure a healthy and long life for your leopard gecko.

Do leopard geckos require special lighting?

Leopard geckos are nocturnal creatures and do not require UVB lighting. However, providing a heat source is important to maintain their health and digestion.

Can leopard geckos be handled?

Yes, leopard geckos can be handled, but it’s important to do so gently and infrequently to avoid causing them stress.

Do leopard geckos need a special habitat setup?

Leopard geckos need a simple and secure habitat with a warm hide, a cool hide, a water dish, and an appropriate substrate for burrowing.

How do leopard geckos shed their skin?

Leopard geckos shed their skin in pieces. You might notice them rubbing against objects or surfaces to help remove the old skin.

Are leopard geckos good for beginners?

Yes, leopard geckos are considered a good choice for beginners in the reptile-keeping hobby due to their relatively low-maintenance requirements.

Conclusion

Leopard geckos are fascinating creatures that make excellent pets for reptile enthusiasts. With their unique appearance, docile nature, and low maintenance needs, they are a suitable choice for both beginner and experienced reptile keepers. Leopard geckos are known for their ability to change colors, their nocturnal behavior, and their prodigious appetite for insects.

Proper habitat setup, including a warm and well-lit enclosure, is crucial for their health and well-being. It’s important to provide them with a balanced diet and ensure their tank is clean and comfortable. By understanding their natural behaviors and meeting their specific care requirements, leopard gecko owners can enjoy a rewarding relationship and witness these captivating creatures thrive.

Whether you’re a reptile enthusiast or considering getting a pet, the leopard gecko’s unique qualities make it an intriguing and engaging companion to have.